Dathlwch Calan Mai gyda Mwnci! Dysgwch am hanes y diwrnod arbennig hwn a phobwch picau ar y maen gyda'ch teulu.
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Celebrate May Day with Mwnci! Learn about the history of this special day and bake some Welsh cakes with your family.
Mae diwrnod cyntaf mis Mai, sy'n cael ei adnabod fel Calan Mai neu Calan Haf, yn gyfnod pwysig o ddathlu yng Nghymru, ac mae'n cael ei ystyried fel ddechrau'r haf. Calan Mai fyddai'r adeg o'r flwyddyn pan fyddai buchesi'n cael ei roi allan i bori, a byddai teuluoedd yn symud o'r dyffryn i'w porfeydd haf ar dir uwch.
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Known as Calan Mai or Calan Haf, the first day of May is an important time for celebrations in Wales, and it is considered the start of summer. May Day would be the time of year when herds would be turned out for pasture, and families would move from the valley to their summer pastures on higher land.
Mae Calan Mai yn ddiwrnod arbennig iawn yn y calendr traddodiadol, yn mynd yn ôl i amser y Derwyddon. Mae'n tarddu o'r ŵyl Geltaidd Beltane, a ddathlwyd yn bennaf drwy ledled Iwerddon, yr Alban ac Ynys Manaw tan ganol yr 20fed ganrif. Roedd Beltane yn ddathliad o ffrwythlondeb a thwf newydd.
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May Day is a very special day in the traditional calendar, going back to the time of the Druids. It has origins in the Celtic festival Beltane, which was mostly celebrated throughout Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man until the mid-20th century. Beltane was a celebration of fertility and new growth.
Ar wawr Calan Mai, byddai pobl ym mhentrefi Cymru a'r ffermydd cyfagos yn cael eu deffro gan gantorion yn canu carolau, weithiau gyda ffidlwr neu delynores. Byddent yn ymweld â phob tŷ, gan ganu penillion wedi'u neilltuo i'r teulu, i ddod â phob lwc iddynt ac i ddymuno haf ffrwythlon iddynt ar ôl gaeaf caled.
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At the dawn of May Day, people in Welsh villages and surrounding farms would be woken by May carol singers, sometimes accompanied by a fiddler or a harpist. They would visit each house, singing a verse dedicated to the family, to bring them good luck and to wish them a fruitful summer after the hardship of winter.
Roedd defodau eraill a oedd i fod i ddod â lwc dda yn y flwyddyn i ddod yn cynnwys: gyrru gwartheg rhwng coelcerthi wedi'i goleuo ar Nos Galan (Noswyl Calan Mai), neidio deirgwaith dros dân, a rhoi lludw mewn esgidiau fel math o amddiffyniad.
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Other rituals that were meant to bring good luck in the year ahead included: driving cattle between bonfires lit on Nos Galan (May Day’s Eve), leaping three times over a fire, and putting ashes in shoes as a form of protection.
Roedd Calan Haf hefyd yn gyfnod lle byddai brwydr ffug yn digwydd rhwng dau ddyn yn cynrychioli'r Gaeaf a'r Haf. Byddai'r dyn a wisgwyd fel Gaeaf yn cario ffon wedi'i gwneud o ddraenen ddu a tharian gyda gwlân i ddangos eira. Byddai'r dyn sydd wedi'i wisgo fel Haf yn cael ei addurno â blodau a rhubanau ac yn cario ffon addurnedig wedi'i gwneud o helyg. Wrth gwrs, byddai Haf yn ennill y frwydr bob tro. Yna byddai'n dewis Brenin a Brenhines Mai a fyddai'n cael ei goroni cyn i'r ŵyl ddechrau, a oedd yn cynnwys dawnsio bedwen Fai a gemau.
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Calan Haf was also a time where a mock fight would take place between two men representing Winter and Summer. The man dressed as Winter would carry a stick of blackthorn and a shield with wool to signify snow. The man dressed as Summer would be adorned with flowers and ribbons and carry a decorated wand made of willow.
Of course, Summer would always win the battle. He would then choose a May King and May Queen who would be crowned before the festival began, which included maypole dancing and games.
Dathlwch Calan Mai trwy bobi picau ar y maen gyda'ch teulu!
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Celebrate May Day by baking some Welsh cakes with your family!
Fe fydd angen help oedolyn.
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You will need the help of an adult.
Cynhwysion | Ingredients
110g o fenyn hallt Cymreig wedi'i dorri'n giwbiau, yn ogystal â mwy ar gyfer saim
225g o flawd codi
85g o siwgr mân
Llond llaw o syltanas
1 wy, wedi'i guro
Sblash o laeth os oes angen
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110g of Welsh salted butter cut into cubes, plus extra for greasing
225g of self-raising flour, plus extra for dusting
85g of caster sugar
A handful of sultanas
1 egg, beaten
A splash of milk if needed
Dull | Method
1. Rhwbiwch y menyn i mewn i'r blawd i wneud briwsion bara. Ychwanegwch y siwgr a'r syltanas, yna tywalltwch yr wy wedi ei curo i mewn. Cymysgwch, yna ffurfiwch pêl o does, gan ddefnyddio sblash o laeth os oes angen.
2. Rholiwch y toes nes ei fod yn 5mm (1/4 modfedd) o drwch. Torrwch allan cylchoedd gan ddefnyddio torrwr 7.5cm (3 modfedd). Gallwch ddefnyddio gwydr os nad oes gennych doriad.
3. Wedyn mae angen griddle neu padell ffrio trwm. Rhwbiwch ef gyda menyn a sychu'r gormodedd i ffwrdd. Rhowch ef ar wres ac arhoswch nes ei fod wedi cynhesu. Rhowch y cacennau ar y griddle neu padell ffrio a'u coginio am 2–3 munud ar bob ochr, neu nes eu bod yn frown euraid.
4. Tynnwch o'r badell ac ychwanegwch rhywfaint o siwgr mân ar ei ben tra'n dal yn gynnes. Mwynhewch!
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1. Rub the butter into the flour to make breadcrumbs. Add the sugar and sultanas, then stir in the egg. Mix, then form a ball of dough, using a splash of milk if needed.
2. Roll out the dough on a lightly floured surface until it is 5mm (¼in) thick. Cut it into rounds using a 7.5cm (3in) fluted cutter. You can use a glass if you don’t have a cutter.
3. You now need a heavy iron griddle or alternatively, a frying pan. Rub it with butter and wipe the excess away. Put it on a direct heat and wait until it heats up. Place the Welsh cakes on the griddle and cook for 2–3 minutes on each side, or until caramel brown.
4. Remove from the pan and dust with caster sugar while still warm. They are best eaten with jam!
Ffynhonnell y rysáit: BBC Food | Recipe source: BBC Food